Cilladaha Porosity ee ku jira Qalabka Maalgashiga Birta aan Daxalka lahayn
Porosity weli waa mid ka mid ah cilladaha ugu baahsan uguna qaalisan ee birta aan miridhku lahayn Maalgashigas, taasoo horseedaysa qashin badan oo agab ah iyo wax-soo-saar la'aan. Anigoo ah injineer biraha ah oo leh khibrad ballaaran oo ku saabsan warshadaynta macdanta, waxaan arkay in qashinka la xiriira daloolada uu keeni karo khasaarooyin ka badan$78,000 dufcaddiiba, gaar ahaan codsiyada daacadnimada sare leh sida qaybaha hawada sare iyo caafimaadka.
Sababta Porosity-gu ugu sii jiro Hawlgallada Maalgashiga
Isbeddelka Habka– Warshadaha macdanta ayaa inta badan mudnaanta siiya cilladaha muuqda, iyagoo iska indha tiraya daloolada dhulka hoostiisa.
Maalgashiga Qalabka– Xalal badan ayaa u baahan kharashyo raasamaal ah oo ku saabsan nidaamyada gaarka ah (tusaale ahaan, nadiifinta faakuumka).
Dhaqanka Gaarka ah ee Daawaha– Hababka sameynta daloolada ayaa si weyn ugu kala duwan birta austenitic ee 300-taxane ah.
- Daloolashada Gaaska: Samaynta Madhanka Haydarojiinku Ka Dhaco
Sababta Asalka:Gaaska ku jira (badanaa haydarojiin) inta lagu jiro adkaanta, oo la mid ah isbeddelka gaaska ee cabitaannada kaarboonaysan. Falanqaynta shaybaarku waxay xaqiijinaysaa in heerarka haydarojiin-ka oo ka badan 6 ppmwaxay sababi kartaa microporosity (0.1-0.3 mm voids).
Talooyinka Xakamaynta Habka:
Hagaajin Qoyaanka kaydinta shamaca oo ka hooseeya 60% RHsi looga hortago nuugista qoyaanka ee caaryada qolofka.
Hirgeli gaashaanka argoninta lagu jiro dhalaalinta si loo yareeyo soo qaadista haydarojiin.
- Porosity-ga Yaraanta: Saamaynta Heerkulka
Daraasad Kiis:Guri bambo bir ah oo aan miridh lahayn lagu soo bandhigay 18% qiimaha qashinkasababtoo ah godadka yaraaday ee isgoyska flange-ka. Sawir-qaadista kulaylka ayaa la muujiyay kala duwanaansho 150°C ahinta lagu jiro adkeynta - arrin aasaasi ahaan la xiriirta qaybinta kulaylka oo aan ku filnayn.
Tallaabooyinka Sixitaanka:
Hagaajin naqshad kor u kacaiyadoo la adeegsanayo jilitaan (tusaale ahaan, MAGMASOFT®).
Codso qabowga kulaylkasi loo dedejiyo qaboojinta qaybaha qaro weyn.
Nadiifinta Faakuumka: Daraasad Kiis ROI ah oo la Xaqiijiyay
Macdan qodis Midwest ah ayaa soo sheegtay waxyaabaha soo socda horumar la tirin karoIs-dhexgalka nidaamka vacuum-ka ka dib:
| Metrik | Kahor | Ka dib | Hagaajin |
| Heerka Qashinka | 18% | 4.7% | D 13.3% |
| Waqtiga Baaritaanka Raajada X-ray | 45 daqiiqo/qayb | 29 daqiiqo/qayb | D 35% |
| Muddada Lacag-bixinta | — | 14 bilood | — |
Dhaqanka ugu Fiican:Ku buuxi nadiifinta faakuumka iyadoo la adeegsanayo Jawiga caaryada ee la xakameeyey (Argon-ka oo la daadiyo)si loo helo natiijooyin la xoojiyay.
Habaynta Nidaamka Shell ee Yaraynta Porosity
Natiijooyinka Xogta Ku Salaysan ee laga helay Tijaabooyinka Ku-shubista Ilkaha ee Caafimaadka:
Waxyaabaha lagu xidho khamrigayaree daloolada gaaska ee uu sababo qoyaanka iyadoo la adeegsanayo 40%iyo nidaamyada ethyl silicate.
1 w.% bur zircon ahjaakadaha wejiga waxay yareeyaan cilladaha gelitaanka birta.
Wareegga qaabka otomaatiga ahwaxay hubisaa dhumucda qolofka isku mid ah (±5% leexasho).
Waxqabadka Isbarbardhigga ee Porosity ee Nidaamka Shell
| Nidaamka | Lakabyada | Binder | Celceliska daloolada | Codsiga ugu Fiican | Xaddidaadda |
| Heerka caadiga ah ee ZrO₂ | 6–8 | Ethyl silicate | 3.8–5.2% | Guud ahaan 304/316L | Qoyaan-xasaasi ah |
| Silikoonka Kolloidal | 8–10 | SiO₂ Sol | 2.1–3.5% | Qalabka Qalliinka lagu geliyo | Qallajin tartiib ah |
| Khamriga Isku-dhafan | 4–6 | Resin Khamri ah | 1.8–2.9% | Tuubbooyinka Darbiga Khafiifka ah | Kharash sare |
| Kaalmo Faakiyuum ah | 5–7 | Isku-dhafka Polymer-ka | 0.9–1.7% | Superalloys ku salaysan Ni | Raasamaalka oo xoog badan |
Xulashada Daawaha: Isbarbardhigga Birta 304 iyo 316L
Falanqaynta qaab-dhismeedka ayaa xaqiijinaysa Iska caabbinta sare ee 316L ee dalooladasabab:
✔ Molybdenum (2–3%)hagaajinta dareeraha dhalaalka
✔ Milmida haydarojiin hoose(0.4–0.7% marka la barbar dhigo 304L ee 0.8–1.2%)
✔ Qaybinta godka oo sii yaraanaya oo isku mid ah
Natiijooyinka Qaab-dhismeedka Yaryar (100X Weynaynta):
| Muuqaalka | 304L | 316L |
| Qaab-dhismeedka daloolka | Jajaban, 75–300 µm | Goobaaban, 50–150 µm |
| Cilladaha Goobta Kulul | 5% isgoyska qaybta | ≤3% |
| Jabka Dusha sare | 62% cilladaha | 38% |
Farsamooyinka Baarista Degdegga ah ee Kooxaha Macdanta
Hababka Xallinta Dhibaatooyinka Kharash Yar:
☑ Tijaabada Shidaalka Qaxwada- Caffeine waxay hagaajisaa qoyaanka slurry (waxay yareysaa daloolka dusha sare iyadoo 15%).
☑ Heerkulka Infrared-ka– Waxay aqoonsataa dharka aan ahayn kuwa kululaynta qolofka (~$500/toddobaadkii kirada).
☑ Imtixaanka Rubuca- Waxay xaqiijisaa heerarka qaboojinta (92% isku xirnaanta xogta kuleyliyaha).
Xallinta Cilladda Kadib Tuurista
Xalalka Dayactirka aan Burburka lahayn:
Cilladaha Qurxinta:Alxanka yar-yar ee balaasmaha (madhan ≥0.3 mm) + dhalaalinta korantada
Qaybaha Dhismaha:MISIQ-DHAQANKA (2000 psi/2200°F) ama ku dahaadhida sodium silicate
DIGNIIN:Xuduudaha HIP-ga ee khaldan ayaa yareyn kara xoogga daalka 15%- xaqiiji sifooyinka farsamada ee daaweynta kadib.
Halbeegyada Waxqabadka Muhiimka ah Hirgelinta Kadib
Ka dib markii la isticmaalay istaraatiijiyadahan, alaab-qeybiyeyaasha Heerka 1 ayaa soo sheegaya:
▼ 68% hoos u dhac ku yimid qashinka daloolka
▲ 22% wax soo saar ka sarreeya
▼ 45% soo celinta macaamiisha oo ka yar
Sida uu sheegay khabiirka birta ee GE Aviation ee hormuudka ka ah:
"Porosity-gu maaha cillad kaliya - waa tilmaame muujinaya leexashada habka nidaamsan ee u baahan tallaabo sixitaan ah oo edbin leh."
Qaadashada hababkan waxay ka dhigi doontaa warshaddaada mid hormuud u ah maalgashiga cillad la'aan ah.